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Revision as of 17:50, 27 October 2021
A spark is a pattern that dies. The term is typically used to describe a collection of cells periodically thrown off by an oscillator or spaceship, but other dying patterns, particularly those consisting of only one or two cells (such as those produced by certain glider collisions, for example), are also described as sparks. For examples of small sparks see unix and heavyweight spaceship.
Long-lived sparks
Six sparks that are longer-lived are shown below:
- Top left: Very common, although not that long-lived (7 generations). Note that the longest-lived spark in this list goes through this phase near the end.
- Top middle: The table, which becomes a line of six in three generations and dies twelve later, for a total lifespan of 15.
- Top right: An 8-tick predecessor of the phi spark, which is very common. The phi spark lasts 9 generations, giving a total of 17 generations. This is not the only way a phi spark can form.
- Bottom left: The Z-hexomino, which lasts 45 generations before dying completely. It is only common in rotationally symmetric soups.
- Bottom middle: A two-glider collision that lasts 94 generations before dying completely.
- Bottom right: The original diehard. The version shown below lasts 137 generations, but patterns often enter later in the sequence. It is moderately common.
| The six sparks described above (click above to open LifeViewer) RLE: here Plaintext: here |
Sparker
A sparker is an oscillator or spaceship that produces sparks.[1]
Sparkers can give varieties of different sparks:[2]
- Dot: A single detached bit at an edge.
- Edge bit: A detached dot spark caused by the birth of three cells in a line, e.g. middleweight volcano.
- Corner bit/diagonal bit: A detached dot spark caused by the birth of three cells that form a pre-block-like shape, e.g. blocker.
- Fountain bit: A dot spark with no other bits in the row behind it, e.g. fountain, or superfountain if there are no active sparks in the next two rows.
- Domino: Two orthogonally connected bits at an edge, detached from the rest of an oscillator.
- Horizontal domino: A domino spark parallel to the edge it appears on, e.g. heavyweight volcano.
- Vertical domino: A domino spark perpendicular to the edge it appears on. Oscillators that make these are called "pipsquirters", e.g. pipsquirter 1.
- Delayed domino: A domino spark where one bit appears first, and the other is added later, e.g. figure eight.
- Fountain domino: A domino spark with no other bits in the two rows behind it, e.g. 258P3.
- Duoplet: Two diagonally connected detached bits at a corner, e.g. 48P31. Historically sometimes also called a "diagonal domino", but it is not a polyomino.
- Non-reflecting duoplet: A duoplet spark that is incapable of reflecting gliders, e.g. 41P7.2.
- Reflecting duoplet: A duoplet spark that is capable of reflecting gliders, e.g. 34P14 shuttle.
- Banana spark: A three-bit spark capable of reflecting gliders, e.g. buckaroo.
- Finger: Like a vertical domino, but the domino is attached orthogonally to something, e.g. T-nosed p4.
- Thumb: Like a corner bit, but the dot is diagonally attached to something, e.g. Thumb 1.
- Obo spark: two dot sparks separated by one empty cell. This often has a 1-generation predecessor of a 3×3 square with two corners missing, such as in Beluchenko's p40 and p76 pi-heptomino hassler.
Strength of sparkers
A sparker oscillator can be considered "strong", "moderate" or "weak" depending on its relation to the rest of the oscillator. This does not necessarily correlate to how accessible the spark is, because examples like 101 which have very inaccessible sparks are still considered "strong" under this classification scheme.[citation needed]
- "Strong": the oscillator creates a spark that is a separate island, and the oscillator is not affected if the spark is removed, e.g. unix, blocker and middleweight volcano.
- "Moderate": the oscillator creates a spark that is a separate island, but the spark is still required for the oscillator to survive, e.g. mold, fumarole and figure eight.
- "Weak": the oscillator includes one or more cells at its edge that remain connected to the oscillator, but can still be used to catalyze other nearby patterns, e.g. caterer, T-nosed p4 and thumb 1.
Smoke
Smoke is debris that is fairly long-lived but eventually dies out completely. Thus, it is basically a large spark, but the term is used especially when talking about the output from a spaceship (as in a smoking ship).[3]
Tail spark
A tail spark is a spark that appears at the back of a spaceship.[4] For example, there is a one-bit tail spark at the back of a lightweight spaceship, middleweight spaceship, and heavyweight spaceship in their less dense phases.
Belly spark
The belly spark is the part of a middleweight spaceship's or heavyweight spaceship's spark that is not its tail spark.[5]
See also
References
- ↑ "Sparker". The Life Lexicon. Stephen Silver. Retrieved on May 24, 2009.
- ↑ Mark Niemiec (February 19, 2015). "Sparkers". Retrieved on February 19, 2019.
- ↑ "Smoke". The Life Lexicon. Stephen Silver. Retrieved on June 10, 2009.
- ↑ "Tail spark". The Life Lexicon. Stephen Silver. Retrieved on May 21, 2009.
- ↑ "Spark". The Life Lexicon. Stephen Silver. Retrieved on May 14, 2016.
External links
- Spark at Wikipedia
- Spark at the Life Lexicon