Toad: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 17:02, 26 October 2021
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| Pattern type | Oscillator | ||||||||
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| Number of cells | 6 | ||||||||
| Bounding box | 4 × 4 | ||||||||
| Frequency class | 7.1 | ||||||||
| Period | 2 (mod: 2) | ||||||||
| Heat | 8 | ||||||||
| Volatility | 0.80 | 0.80 | ||||||||
| Kinetic symmetry | Unspecified | ||||||||
| Rotor type | Toad | ||||||||
| Discovered by | Simon Norton | ||||||||
| Year of discovery | 1970 | ||||||||
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Toad is a period-2 oscillator that was found by Simon Norton in May 1970.[1] It is one of very few known oscillators that is a polyomino in one of its phases. Toads often appear in large, complex patterns because of their ability to eat things when paired together (as in killer toads). Additionally, toads are useful as building blocks for constructing large oscillators with periods that are a multiple of two because of the various ways in which they can be hassled.
Toad is the second most common naturally-occurring oscillator in Achim Flammenkamp's census, although blinkers occur more than a hundred times as frequently.[2] It is also the eleventh most common object on Adam P. Goucher's Catagolue.[3]
Toads have a tendency to be destroyed after being created; this happens in both the century and two-glider octomino sequences. Frequency lists typically include only surviving objects.
Toad hasslers
A toad flipper is a hassler that works by having two domino sparkers (pentadecathlons in the example shown below) apply their sparks to the toad in order to flip it over.[4] When the sparks are applied again, the toad is flipped back. Either or both domino sparkers can be moved down two cells from the position shown and the toad flipper will still work, but because of symmetry there are really only two different types of toad flippers. For another example of a toad flipper, see 186P24 and the period 4 turning toads wick.
A toad sucker is a toad hassler that works by having two domino sparkers (pentadecathlons in the example shown below) apply their sparks to the toad in order to shift it.[5] When the sparks are applied again, the toad is shifted back. Either or both domino sparkers can be moved down two cells from the position shown and the toad sucker will still work, but because of symmetry there are really only three different types of toad suckers. A p4 example is shown in the "subsequent improvement of the p44 gun" as a sparker in the p44 pi-heptomino hassler article. Additionally, moving toad suckers have been created that use the domino sparks from two parallel even-period spaceships to escort a toad.
It is also possible to simultaneously shift and flip a toad using one domino spark. However, the domino spark must be inserted in a special way that would not result in a domino spark without the toad. Two spaceships that are suitable sparkers, one on each side, can escort a toad similarly to the moving toad suckers mentioned earlier except that the amalgamation moves two squares orthogonal per period instead of one square orthogonal per period.[6]
As an induction coil
Toads can be used as an induction coil where the number of cells in the row alternates between two numbers one apart. An example in Dean Hickerson's oscillator collection, where the row alternates between 5 and 6 cells, can be seen in the gallery below.
Gallery
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See also
References
- ↑ Dean Hickerson's oscillator stamp collection. Retrieved on March 14, 2020.
- ↑ Achim Flammenkamp (September 7, 2004). "Most seen natural occurring ash objects in Game of Life". Retrieved on January 15, 2009.
- ↑ Adam P. Goucher. "Statistics". Catagolue. Retrieved on June 24, 2016.
- ↑ "Toad-flipper". The Life Lexicon. Stephen Silver. Retrieved on May 16, 2009.
- ↑ "Toad-sucker". The Life Lexicon. Stephen Silver. Retrieved on May 16, 2009.
- ↑ Aidan F. Pierce (December 18, 2020). Re: Thread for your Trolls (discussion thread) at the ConwayLife.com forums
External links
- Life Period-2 Oscillators (six-bit) at Mark D. Niemiec's Life Page
- Toad at the Life Lexicon
- Toad at Adam P. Goucher's Catagolue
- 6P2.1 at Heinrich Koenig's Game of Life Object Catalogs
- Patterns
- Patterns with Catagolue frequency class 7
- Natural periodic objects
- Oscillators with 6 cells
- Periodic objects with minimum population 6
- Patterns with 6 cells
- Patterns found by Simon Norton
- Patterns found in 1970
- Patterns that can be constructed with 3 gliders
- Oscillators
- Oscillators with period 2
- Oscillators with mod 2
- Oscillators with heat 8
- Oscillators with volatility 0.80
- Oscillators with strict volatility 0.80
- Oscillators with rotor Toad
- Patterns with 180-degree rotation symmetry